Many historical markers reflect Hinduism as an ancient tradition, with the building of temples as a cornerstone of its heritage. Kings, whether they were followers of Lord Shiva or Lord Vishnu, built temples and performed rituals, yagyas and rituals for the well-being of their kingdom.
Mallesham Hill, located around the base of the Vijayanagara Empire, bears witness to the historical importance of the structures during the rule of the emperors. Many temples were built by these emperors around Tirupati and Chandragiri, although many of them are now in ruins.
Among them, the unique structure, built exactly 12,000 years ago by the Vijayanagara kings on the Mallesham hill, stands as a testament to its rich history. Historical records reveal that it was the revered place of a deity who ruled over the densely forested Kashi region. Situated on a high hill, the temple has a huge stone structure and a picturesque Koneru, which has abundant water even during the summer months.
Mallesham Hill contained a temple of Kalabhairava, a deity revered by the Vijayanagara kings as part of the Hindavam tradition, which included both Vaishnava and Shaiva temples. In ancient times, a pilgrimage to Kashi was necessary for the darshan of Kalabhairava, but the construction of the Kalabhairava temple at Tirupati by the Vijayanagara kings allowed devotees to reach this divine presence without the need to travel to Kashi.
Complemented by Annadan Satra for pilgrims, this temple stands today as a magnificent but relatively neglected page of history. The Puranas suggest that Kalabhairava puja and Homa can turn adverse times into favorable times, thereby ensuring victory regardless of planetary positions.
The construction of temples weighing several hundred kilograms on high hills in ancient times remains a mysterious feat. Featuring numerous stone pillars and intricate stone roofs, many of these temples have faced challenges over the centuries. Some were destroyed by Muhammadan kings in search of hidden treasures, while others are currently the target of treasure hunters claiming to be looking for riches.
Like many others, the temple in question has also fallen into ruins due to such activities. However, the intact walls stand as a testament to the artistic skill and divine devotion of that era. Locals advocate the acquisition of ancient temples by the Central Archeology Department or urge the Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams (TTD) to play an important role in preserving these Hindu heritage sites.