The sun and the moon are the most visible gods on this earth who are visible to us in their supreme divine form. In the Vedas, the Sun is called the soul of the world. The soul of the entire past world is the Sun. There is life on this earth from the Sun. Sun worship has been practiced in India since the Vedic period. The Sun God has been praised at many places in the hymns of the Vedas. In the Puranas, the origin, effect, praise, mantra etc. of the sun are found in detail. In astrology, Sun has got the position of king among the nine planets.
How did the Sun God originate?
According to the Markandeya Purana, earlier this entire world was without light. At that time Kamal yoni Brahma ji appeared. The first word that came out of his mouth was Om, which was the subtle form of the sun. Thereafter, four Vedas appeared from the four faces of Brahma ji, which became one in the effulgence of Om.
This Vedic effulgence is Aditya who is the imperishable cause of the world. This Veda form Surya is the reason for the creation, upkeep and destruction of the universe. On the request of Brahma ji, Surya gathered his great effulgence and assumed the self effulgence.
At the time of creation, the son of Brahma ji was Marichi, whose son Rishi Kashyap was married to Aditi. Aditi pleased Lord Surya with severe penance who entered her womb with a ray of Sushumna to fulfill her wish. Even during pregnancy, Aditi used to observe difficult fasts like Chandrayan. Sage Raj Kashyap got angry and said to Aditi – ‘Why do you want to kill the fetus by fasting like this?
Hearing this, Goddess Aditi expelled the child from the womb, which was burning with her immense divine brilliance. Lord Surya appeared from that womb in the form of an infant. Due to Aditi being called Maricham-Andam, this child became famous by the name Martand. In the Brahma Purana, the portion of the Sun born from the womb of Aditi has been called Vivasvan.